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Gericke, Nekovar, Hörold (2010), Estimation of Application Dates of Plant Protection Products for Environmental Fate Modelling Based on Phenological Stages of Crops
According to the EU directive 91/414/EEC potential environmental concentrations of pesticides have to be assessed with environmental fate models. For the calculation of pesticide concentrations it is necessary to provide an application date which has to match the specific BBCH stage at which the pesticide shall be applied.
Wang, Wolf (2008), A Probabilistic Model for Estimating the Exposure and Effects After Spray Application in Real Landscapes
In current risk assessments for plant protection products applied via spray application, default drift-values are used which are based on a large number of field trials conducted by Ganzelmeier et al. and Rautmann et al.
Schwarz, Norman, Riffel (2007), Novel approaches in monitoring effects of pesticide products
A field experiment was conducted in Southwest France and Northern Italy to investigate potential impacts of azinphos-methyl (OP insecticide) applications in pome fruit orchards on the natural bird community.
Wang, Nikolakis, Wolf (2007), Reduction of Unvertainty in Chroni Avian Risk Assessments for Granular Organophosphate-Nematicides by the Use of Field Exposure Data and Probabilistic Risk Evaluation
First tier deterministic chronic avian risk assessments for organophosphate nematicides often indicate a high theoretical long-term risk to birds due to the generally high intrinsic toxicity of these compounds in conjunction with high application rates.